What happens at a dental check-up

Last reviewed: 2 November 2026

A dental check-up is a routine visit where a dental practitioner looks at the health of your teeth, gums and mouth. This guide explains what usually happens, how often to go and what to ask about costs. It is general information only.

Who does check-ups

Healthdirect says check-ups are usually carried out in a dental clinic by a dental practitioner such as a dentist, dental hygienist, oral health therapist or dental therapist. Queensland Health notes that each of these roles is registered with the Dental Board of Australia.

What a check-up usually includes

According to healthdirect, a check-up may include:

• Assessment. Questions about your dental and medical history, such as previous dental work, medicines and allergies.
• Examination. A look at your teeth, gums, lips, tongue and mouth for signs of tooth decay, bleeding gums and other problems.
• X-rays, if needed. These can help check for disease, infection, teeth that have not come through properly, or damage to the jaw bone.
• Preventive care. For example, cleaning, polishing and fluoride.
• Advice. How to brush and floss, and other habits and diet tips for healthy teeth and gums.

The Better Health Channel adds that your dentist should ask about your general health and medicines, because some health conditions and medicines can affect your mouth. If there is a problem, your dentist should explain the treatment options and give you an estimate of the cost and time involved.

Professional cleaning

Plaque that is not removed can harden into calculus (tartar). Healthdirect says calculus can only be removed by a dental professional. The Better Health Channel explains that professional cleaning removes plaque and calculus, then polishes the teeth, and that it helps treat and prevent gum disease. See what a dental hygienist does.

How often to go

Australian health sources give slightly different general guidance:

• Healthdirect’s dental check-up page says to aim for a check-up every 6 to 12 months. Healthdirect’s cost of dental care page suggests a check-up at least once a year.
• The Better Health Channel says it is generally recommended that everyone, including young children, visit the dentist twice a year.

Both sources point to the same thing: how often you need a check-up depends on your situation. Healthdirect says your dental practitioner can tell you how often you need one, based on the health of your teeth and gums. Healthdirect also says check-ups can start from 12 months of age or when a baby’s first teeth appear. See children’s dental care.

When not to wait for a check-up

Healthdirect says to see your dentist if you have pain or bleeding in your mouth, facial swelling, damage to your teeth, or if something in your mouth does not feel right. For urgent problems, see the emergency dentist guide.

Preparing for your visit

• Bring a list of your medicines and any health conditions.
• Note any symptoms, such as sensitivity or bleeding gums, and when they started.
• If you feel nervous, tell the practice when you book. Healthdirect says staff can take extra care to help make the visit easier. See visiting the dentist when you feel anxious.
• Ask about fees and what your health fund may cover before the appointment.

Costs and cover

Healthdirect says costs for a check-up vary, and that most check-ups are done in private clinics and are not covered by Medicare. Private health insurance extras cover may pay part of the cost, so check with your insurer first. Public dental clinics are available for eligible people, but there may be waiting lists. Eligible children may be covered by the Child Dental Benefits Schedule. See dental costs and payment options and public and private dental care.

General information, not medical or dental advice. Speak to a registered dental practitioner about your situation.